The production of tailored, on-demand drug delivery systems has gained attention in pharmaceutical development over the last few years, thanks to the application of 3D printing technology in the pharmaceutical field. Recently, direct powder extrusion (DPE) has emerged among the extrusion-based additive...
After the print is finished, the remaining powder is cleaned off which often can be re-used printing the next object. This technology was first developed at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 1993.Binder Jetting schematics Material Extrusion...
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It is also the only type of bioprinting process that is scalable and therefore the only one that has the potential to 3D print human-sized organs on an industrial level [1]. Owing to these principal advantages, this article focuses on extrusion-based bioprinting and explores whether it could ...
Recent advances in direct-ink-write (DIW) 3D printing also showcase its capability to align anisotropic particles along printed filaments by the extrusion shear force25,26,27,28,29,30. Moreover, DIW 3D printing offers precise material deposition as per computer-aided designs at the macro scale...
Extrusion-based 3D printing is a particularly interesting subset of additive manufacturing in which the materials are extruded through a nozzle [47,53–57]. Such a platform is highly versatile, affordable [58] and can be readily expanded to incorporate multiple materials [59–61]. Moreover, in...
Stringing / hairy prints Overhangs or sagging sections in the print Support material difficult to remove Under extrusion, e.g. not extruding enough plastic or insufficient material Grinding filament and/or extruder motor skipping Small features not printed Scars on top surface Blobs and/or pimples ...
Material extrusion is the most widespread additive manufacturing method but its application in end-use products is limited by vulnerability to errors. Humans can detect errors but cannot provide continuous monitoring or real-time correction. Existing aut
Currently developed techniques of 3D printing are briefly described while comprehensive analysis of extrusion-based methods as the most intensively investigated is provided. The issue of printlets attributes, i.e. shape and size is described with regard to personalized dosage forms and medical devices ...
The print head progressively traces out the part geometry layer by layer until the complete object forms. The direct energy deposition 3D printing process is in contrast to material extrusion 3D printing, which heats the material in the nozzle before extrusion. This process is compatible with both...