To prevent photoinhibition, photoprotective mechanisms are used by the plant to both suppress the photodamage to PSII (e.g. chloroplast avoidance movement [Kasahara et al., 2002]) and minimize oxidative inhibition of the repair of photodamaged PSII (e.g. photorespiratory pathway and Calvin cycle ...
produce glycerol by converting glucose or other carbohydrates through the fructose-1,6-bisphosphate pathway in glycolysis or the Embden Meyerhof Parnas pathway, whereas, certain algae convert dissolved carbon dioxide or bicarbonate in the chloroplasts into the 3-carbon intermediates of the Calvin cycle....
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