Turkey is bordering water bodies on three sides of the country: the Black Sea to the North, the Sea of Marmara to the Northwest and the Mediterranean Sea and the Aegean Sea to the West and South. The capital city is Ankara but Istanbul is the largest city of the country and also the ...
Turkey's relations with China have been evolving in recent years with a changing Middle East in the background. Turkey's bilateral relations with China are important for the Middle East because Turkey is historically, culturally, economically, and socially part of this region, and also because ...
Geography Location Southeastern Europe and Southwestern Asia (that portion of Turkey west of the Bosporus is geographically part of Europe), bordering the Black Sea, between Bulgaria and Georgia, and bordering the Aegean Sea and the Mediterranean Sea, between Greece and Syria Geographic coordinates ...
GeographyTurkey Location: Southeastern Europe and Southwestern Asia (that portion of Turkey west of the Bosporus is geographically part of Europe), bordering the Black Sea, between Bulgaria and Georgia, and bordering the Aegean Sea and the Mediterranean Sea, between Greece and Syria ...
The bulk of eastern Turkey, however, is drained by the Euphrates (Fırat) and Tigris rivers, which flow south for some 780 miles (1,250 km) and 330 (530 km) miles, respectively, before entering Syria and then Iraq, where they converge to enter the Persian Gulf (see Tigris-Euphrates...
After the defeat ofAntiochus the Great, king ofSyria, by theRomansin 189bce, Ephesus was handed over by the conquerors to the king ofPergamum.Attalus IIIof PergamumbequeathedEphesus with the rest of his possessions to the Roman people (133bce). Thenceforth, Ephesus remained subject to Rome,...
(400 km) to the frontier withAzerbaijan, eventually reaching theCaspian Sea. The bulk of eastern Turkey, however, is drained by the Euphrates (Fırat) andTigris rivers, which flow south for some 780 miles (1,250 km) and 330 (530 km) miles, respectively, before enteringSyriaand then...
and west of Anatolia were under the influence of, respectively,Syriaand theBalkans. Much visible evidence of the earliest cultures of Anatolia may have been lost owing to the large rise in sea levels that followed the end of the last Ice Age (about 10,000 years ago) and todepositionof ...
By controlling Anatolia and its Greek cities, the Seleucids exerted enormous political, economic, and cultural power throughout the Middle East. Their control over the strategic Taurus Mountain passes between Anatolia and Syria, as well as the Hellespont between Thrace and Anatolia, allowed them to...
Emeritus Professor of Geography, University of Durham, England. Author ofA Geography of the Soviet Union; Turkey;and others. John C. Dewdney•All Fact-checked by The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, ...