quotient (redirected fromHazard Quotient) Thesaurus Medical Acronyms Encyclopedia quo·tient (kwō′shənt) n. The number obtained by dividing one quantity by another. In 45 ÷ 3 = 15, 15 is the quotient. [Middle Englishquocient, from Latinquotiēns, quotient-,how many times, fromquot,how...
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Furthermore, the RfD is commonly incorporated in the calculation of the hazard quotient (HQ) or hazard ratio (HR) for risk assessment of drinking water (Supplementary Fig. 1). The exposure of different age groups in China, including infants (≤ 1 year old), children (2–5 years old), ...
The targeted hazard quotient (THQ) and hazard index (HI) were used to estimate health risk according to US EPA’s IRIS database25. We used the mean and 97.5th percentile of obtained elements concentration to represent the consumers with average and high exposure, respectively26. The sum of ...
Human health risk was assessed by using the hazard index (HI) and the hazard quotient for each metal (HQ) for various age groups, the younger the age group the higher the HI, however it was below 1 for all age groups. Also, Percentage Weekly Intake (PWI) was obtained for each age ...
In this model, Hazard Quotient (HQ) is generally used to assess the potential health risks of nitrate exposure to groundwater. 2.3. Data sources and screening Groundwater nitrate data were obtained through database retrievals and field sampling. This study sorted the concentration information and ...
The hazard quotient (HQ) represents the potential non-carcinogenic risk for an individual HM and it is an estimation of daily exposure to the human population that is not likely to represent an appreciable risk of deleterious effects during a lifetime. All the HQs of the HMs for the ...
The target hazard quotient and hazard index were >1 for Co, while the target cancer risk of Ni subsulfide for the cowpea types exceeded 10, and these results are causes for concern. It is recommended that the concentrations of the heavy metals in cowpea sold in Nigerian markets should be ...
In this study, the total non-carcinogenic risk (HI) of the heavy metals in the surface water was represented by the hazard quotient (HQ). When the HQ is greater than 1, there is a health hazard to humans. The results revealed that the average HQs of Sb, As, Zn, Cd, and Hg for ...
where Mc is concentration of metal in mg/kg dry weight, IR is ingestion rate (19.5 × 10−3kg/day), Bw is an average body weight for Indian adult male and female are 57 kg and 50 kg respectively58. Target hazard quotient (THQ) ...