The peel surface of each individual fruit was measured for the optical properties using a spectrophotometer (Spectro-guide sphere gloss, model CD-6834 BYK-Gardner GmbH, Geretsried, Germany). The measurements were taken at four positions on the equatorial section, each 90° apart. Each measurement...
and the band gap energy is narrow as compared to previous research, i.e. 2.79 eV, which is favourable for photocatalysis. The SnO2NPs were characterized using various techniques, including UV-Vis spectrophotometer (UV-Vis), Fluorescence spectrophotometer (photoluminescence), X-ray diffraction (XRD),...
The goblet cell, lymphocyte number, villus height, and crypt depth were measured by the image analysis software of Intronic GmbH & Co. (Rothenstein, Berlin, Germany). 2.7. The 16S rDNA MiSeqensing The colonic microbial DNA was extracted by the instructions of MOBIO power fecal DNA ...
The resulting precipitate was washed thrice with hot water at 70 °C, dried in a WGL-45B oven (Tianjin Taiste Instrument Co., Ltd., Tianjin, China) at 40 °C, crushed using a MM 400 mixer mill (Retsch GmbH, Hahn, Germany) with a stainless-steel grinding bead for 1 min at 25 Hz...