Closed-loop and open-loop systems are used for automated control of the operation of arbitrary systems. An open-loop control apparatus, which controls at least one controlled variable of a system such as a fuel cell system, has a pilot control module and an associated storage module, for ...
An open loop system does not monitor its output and make adjustments based on its output. The temperature control in a vehicle not equipped with automatic air conditioning serves as an example.Closed Loop Fuel Control The ECM needs to monitor the exhaust stream and adjust the air/fuel ratio so...
a system of carrying mail by air.Send this parcel by airmail;(also adjective) an airmail letter.correo aéreo ˈairmannoun a member of an air force.aviador ˈair pollutionnoun Air pollution is caused by smoke, toxic gases etc.contaminación atmosférica ...
Closed loop hydrogen supply system with pump (above) and ejector (below). Hydrogen typically must be humidified up to 100% relative humidity before entering the fuel cell stack, in order to avoid drying of the membrane due to electroosmotic drag. In that case a humidifier/heat exchanger is ...
Open nozzle injectors have been a common feature in select Cummins engine models for decades and more recently, in some Scania products. The designs still in use are based on the Cummins PT system. Cummins fuel systems that have an open nozzle include the PT, STC, Centry and HPI. The open...
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A specially designed exhaust gas reformer was integrated with the marine LNG engine and then the performance of the closed-loop system of the reformer and engine was investigated, aiming at exploring the emissions reduction potential of the REGR technique for the marine LNG engine. The results ...
A method and a device for open-loop and/or closed-loop control of the metering of fuel into an internal combustion engine is proposed, in which device an optimum time cycle of the injection is realised on the basis of the overall control concept and in which, by virtue of special ...
A no-return loop fuel injection system supplies fuel from a turbine-type fuel pump to an injector fuel rail, through a fuel pressure valve assembly capable of flowing supply fuel to the injector rail, and reverse flowing fuel from the rail and back through the pump to relieve rail fuel pres...
The resulting transportation system could then be transitioned to the renewable methanol. It should be further noted that such system is also amenable to the use of renewable ethanol, should large-scale bioproduction of cellulosic ethanol be realized in the future (Table 5). Table 5. Comparison ...