Traces of moisture may be removed by electrolysis with platinum electrodes, treatment with elemental fluorine, or storage over strong Lewis acids (MF5, where M is a metal), which can form nonvolatile (H3O)+ (MF6)−, salts, as shown by the following equation: H2O + SbF5 + HF → (H3O...
where F represents the PL intensity of the quenched solution; F0 is the original PL intensity without the presence of Fe3+; ksv stands for the quenching constant in the Stern–Volmer equation; kq presents the quenching constant, and τ is the PL lifetime of the NFCDs. As demonstrated in ...