Global warming has already had a rapid and large impact on weather patterns and the local climate, especially in arctic and subarctic areas [1]. Increasing temperatures and changed patterns of precipitation will, in combination with changes in human activities and land use, have large-scale effects...
constituents together are two major forces: the flow ofenergythrough the ecosystem and the cycling ofnutrientswithin the ecosystem. Ecosystems vary in size: some are small enough to be contained within singlewaterdroplets while others are large enough toencompassentire landscapes and regions (seebiome...