The total frequency of females with the preference may be somewhat larger than 9, the estimated proportion mating preferentially. The constancy of v ensures that the ratio of y to the total preference remains the same so that estimates of preference can be compared across the lines and ...
In population genetics, the term evolution is defined as a change in the frequency of an allele in a population. Using the ABO blood type system as an example, the frequency of one of the alleles, IA, is the number of copies of that allele divided by all the copies of the ABO gene ...
066 high quality autosomal SNPs. This approach uses allele frequency correlations between populations to provide a formal test of admixture that is robust across a broad range of population histories33,34. We detected strongly negative skews in thef3statistic in the centre of the range, indicative...
The marC locus was also sequenced in each endpoint population; examination of PCR products revealed indel mutations (discernable by product size) at near 100% allele frequency, allowing for whole population samples to be sequenced (Table 2). We also sequenced the post-transcriptional regulator hfq ...
(–max-missing) > 10% and minor allele frequency (MAF) < 5% through Vcftools (version 0.1.13) [32]. Additionally, only biallelic sites were retained. Functional annotation of SNPs was performed according to the reference genome (SjaV3) [16] using ANNOVAR (version 2015-12-14) [33]. A...
Rodent malaria parasites (RMPs) serve as tractable tools to study malaria parasite biology and host-parasite-vector interactions. Among the four RMPs originally collected from wild thicket rats in sub-Saharan Central Africa and adapted to laboratory mice
We used PLINK software 1.05 [93] to filter the combined dataset to include only SNPs on the 22 autosomal chromosomes with minor allele frequency >1% and genotyping success >97%. Analyses of genome-wide SNP data We calculated mean pairwise FST values between populations for 513440 autosomal SNPs...
but unique variants may be lost. Common alleles may increase in frequency, raising concerns for retaining adaptive potential, which should become a management priority. It might be possible to utilize unique warm-adapted variants to the south (e.g., the North River, Y) and southeast (Ohio/New...
but unique variants may be lost. Common alleles may increase in frequency, raising concerns for retaining adaptive potential, which should become a management priority. It might be possible to utilize unique warm-adapted variants to the south (e.g., the North River, Y) and southeast (Ohio/New...
(2/8 clones) and X3, with an approximate 50% allele frequency (4/8 clones). We did not detectacrABmutations in the G2 population, which intriguingly had the lowest fitness out of the six endpoint populations.tolCmutations were not detected in any of the populations. The fixation ofacrAB...