Effectors of the immune system are known to modulate the maturation of tumor cells and to select for cancer with reduced immunogenicity. The same effector mechanisms are likely responsible for shaping the development of healthy stem cells for the ultimate goal of repair and regeneration of damaged ...
Chloroplasts are important for plant immunity against microbial pathogens. Here Xu et al. identify, in the wheat stripe rust fungus, a haustorium-specific protein that is translocated into chloroplasts and affects chloroplast function by interacting with a putative component of the plant cytochrome b6-...
Answer and Explanation: The correct answer: Motor neurons carry impulses from d. CNS to effectors. The motor neurons are responsible for carrying the effective impulse from...Become a member and unlock all Study Answers ...
After the effector proteins are secreted by the pathogens, they are to be transported to the host subcellular compartments to perform their functions. The N-terminus of the effector proteins contains a signal peptide, which comprises approximately 15–30 hydrophobic amino acid residues. The existence ...
(a) Describe the feedback loop responsible for regulating blood glucose levels. (b) What illness results if this system no longer functions properly? What are the steps of the homeostasis mechanism? Why is it negative feedback? What change would you expect ...
Lipidated proteins are involved in membrane trafficking and vesicle transport, as well as host immune response and autophagy, both of which are responsible for the recognition and inhibition of intracellular pathogens. Certain pathogens have evolved a specific mechanism to subvert host defense by injectin...
aThe Ministry of Social Protection (Spanish: Ministerio de la Protección Social) was a national executive ministry of the Government of Colombia responsible for coordinating and implementing the national policy and social services relating to employment, labour, health and social security; it operated ...
Although ample evidence indicates that TAMs are primarily M2 polarized, the mechanisms responsible for the regulation and maintenance of M1 and M2 polarization imbalance remain unclear. The manipulation of this critical axis through three main approaches may provide new strategies for cancer therapy — ...
Therefore, it might well be that several molecules are responsible for the inhibitory effect observed. Further research, involving ultrastructural analysis of Vp447 and uVtpin44g7t∆octphaerotibcsleesrvaenddpRhNenAosteyqpea.pproaches will hopefully help to shed light on mechanisms and factors ...
In developing any novel gene technology, it is essential to also consider its potential misuses49. Here we consider three key questions, namely; the ethics associated with the intentional use of this method, whether this work has any implications for humans, and whether there are any biosafety ...