Global 和 Direct(+circumsolar) 的区别就是，Global是拿着个平面接收太阳光谱的装置，Direct就像是拿着一个望远镜采集太阳光谱，视角较小。数值上来讲 AM1.5 (Global) > AM1.5(Direct)这个+circumsolar是对Direct的一个注解，意思就是拿类似望远镜的设备采集光谱的时候，视角内还包含了太阳周围一定
这个+circumsolar是对Direct的一个注解，意思就是拿类似望远镜的设备采集光谱的时候，视角内还包含了太阳...
Therefore, from all of the recent examples of modeling and observations of circumstellar disks a number of mechanisms can be considered that might contribute to very early heating and depletion of moderately volatile elements at 1 AU. However, some of these are localized processes and the timescale...
(2009). They are based on the fact that the diffuse solar radiation in an area around the direction of the sun is more intense (circumsolar). In general we should take three components for the diffuse radiation from the sky: isotropic, circumsolar and horizon (coming from a belt near ...
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.colsurfa.2024. 133355 Liu D, Zhang H, Wei Y, Liu B, Lin Y, Li G, Zhang F (2018) Enhanced degradation of ibuprofen by heterogeneous electro-Fenton at 52 Page 22 of 23 Applied Water Science (2025) 15:52 circumneutral pH...
In this study, Fe3O4 magnetite nanoparticles were coated on the granular activated carbon (GAC) surface and packed in stainless steel (SS) mesh, which was
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This contributionis referred to as “circumsolar radiation.” Contrarily to ASTMG 173, the data in Table 3 use the ideal definition of directirradiance, and therefore ignore the circumsolar contribution.The sum of direct and diffuse irradiance is th 36、e hemisphericalsolar irradiance, EHl.3.2....
Another method that is commonly used is the one proposed by [45], who considered the diffuse radiation as a combination of three components: isotropic, circumsolar and a third one from the horizon band. This method requires a previous estimation of direct and diffuse irradiance from the ...
This radiation, mixed with the direct beam is termed as “circumsolar radiation.” Sign in to download full-size image Figure 4.13. The solar disk subtends a ½ angle at the earth. 4.1.11.3.1 Diurnal and annual variations The peak position and actual half width of the shape of curve,...