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The Critical Raw Materials Act (CRMA) is an essential regulatory framework designed to address the pressing challenges faced by the European Union (EU) in the strategic sectors of decarbonization, digitalization, and aerospace and defense. It aims to tackle the lack of secure and sustainable access...
Critical Raw Materials attract increasing attention due to their depleting reserves and low recyclability. Niobium, one of the most rare and vital elements, is primarily found in Brazil. This research explores the potential impact of Circular Economy (CE) strategies on mitigating niobium's criticality...
A pressing need has thus emerged for the EU to develop alternative solutions to the existing cutting tool materials to avoid a complete closure of machining businesses in the absence of the raw material of the cutting tools. Figure 1. Cutting tool global market distribution by cutting technology ...
CRM Act is a big step towards protecting the EU from the dangers of critical raw material supply disruptions and the weaknesses in the EU’s supply chains. The CRM Act will make sure the EU has access to safe and sustainable raw materials, which will help Europe reach its climate goals ...
In this work, mycorrhizal-assisted phytoextraction (MAP, Helianthus annuus–arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus Rhizophagus intraradices–Zn-volcanic ashes) was applied for the recovery of secondary and critical raw materials (SRMs and CRMs, respectively) from
the addition of fillers in composite materials may exacerbate some printing-related issues [38], as fillers may act as “pinning points” that restrain the chain mobility of the polymer matrix with adverse consequences on inter-raster and inter-layer healing [163], and may also act as nucleatin...
According to ELCD core database V3.0, two main types of lorries (medium sized lorry transport, low impact, maximum capacity of 17.3 tonnes; articulated lorry transport: high impact, maximum capacity of 27 tonnes) are used to transport raw materials to concrete plant (Table 4). Appl. Sci. ...
Additionally, in the context of this critical review, an assessment is made of the new European Union (EU) DW Directive (DWD) published in December 2020 [6] and of the Safe DW Act (SDWA) of the United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) [7]. These documents are considered ...
Raw sequences were processed with MOTHUR v.1.39.3 [48] as described previously in [46,47]. Briefly, contiguous sequences were formed by removing barcodes and primers. Sequences were checked for chimeras by alignment to the SILVA reference files provided by MOTHUR and were subsequently ...