Although there are already several publications on smart retailing, these studies are mainly concerned with the associated technologies and less with a conceptual link to the underlying concept of smart services (e.g., Quinones et al.,2023; Torrens,2022). Moreover, there is also a lack of res...
This results in a large and sparse Nonlinear Program (NLP) solved by the algorithm IPOPT. IPOPT, short for interior point optimizer, is a state-of-the-art nonlinear optimization library, suitable to solve functions that are twice continuously differentiable. The first and the second derivatives ...