calcium signalling, leading to an increase in the basal [Ca2+]i, which negatively affects fungal cellu- lar metabolism, possibly by interfering with ATP synthesis. Indeed, the low solubility of Ca2+ with phosphates may interfere with ATP-based metabolism, which is an essential feature of all ...
Calcium ions also play a crucial role in the polarized extension of fungal cells. It have been observed that the growth of Neurospora crassa diminished in media containing less than 1 mM Ca2+; extension was more severely impaired than biomass synthesis, resulting in the formation of stubby, bulb...
The abnormally large amount of acetylcholine antagonizes the NDMR and causes the characteristic increase in the size of the twitch. Contrastingly, higher than normal concentrations of bivalent inorganic cations (eg, magnesium, cadmium, manganese) can also block calcium entry through voltage-gated P-...
may operate as a gating mechanism in the ligand pathway. To test this hypothesis non-conservative and conservative substitutions of these amino acids were introduced, and binding and transport assessed for urea and its toxic analogue 2-thiourea, as well as binding of the structural analogue acetamid...
Such strategies include the combination of treatment with tigecycline, carbapenems, or rifampicin, which, at some point, was efficient; however, the emergence of the phenomena of heteroresistance and resistance to colistin, per se, has been reported with a significant increase in recent years, ...
Sulfation of LCO Nod factors, apart from playing a role in host specificity, can increase the stability of Nod factors by interfering with their digestion by chitinases [88]. This is im- portant in the rhizosphere but may not be relevant for Nod factors in planta. So if sulfation of Nod...
Over the initial phases of illuminated growth, a gradual increase in intracellular geosmin corresponded with a fairly constant expression of geoA until late stationary stage when gene expression decreased. A switch from light to dark conditions at late exponential growth had no immediate effect on ...
The production medium contains up to 150 g L−1 glucose (most frequently derived from corn or rice); further increase in the glucose concentration is hampered by the limited solubility of calcium gluconate, which would precipitate on the mycelia and inhibit oxygen and substrate uptake. Other ...
In solar salterns, sea water is processed through a series of evaporation ponds with successive precipitation of various salts, specifically, calcium carbonate, calcium sulfate (gypsum), and NaCl (halite). Halophiles have been identified in each of these stages up to halite precipitation. The ...
ABA and H2O2/NO signaling transduction pathways were also modulated for plant tolerance in response to abiotic stress [47,48,56,59]. In addition, melatonin could increase primary and secondary metabolites including amino acids, organic acids and sugars, and thus improving plant cold tolerance [60]...