protocol (Invitrogen, Carlsbad, CA). PCR was performed with specific primers: Bcl-xL; a forward primer 5'-TTGGACAATGGACTGGTTGA- 3', a reverse primer 5'-GTAGAGTGGATGGTCAG- TG-3', GAPDH; a forward primer 5'-ACCACAGTC- CATGCCATCAC-3', a reverse primer 5'-TCCACC- ACCCTGTTGCTGTA-...